Culture

New research shows that targeting each crime 'hot spot' in a city with 21 extra minutes of daily foot patrolling by Police Community Support Officers (PCSOs) could save the justice system hundreds of thousands of pounds through prevented crime.

Working with Cambridgeshire Constabulary to conduct a year-long experiment in Peterborough, researchers from the Institute of Criminology at the University of Cambridge randomly allocated 34 crime-prone areas to get 21 minutes of extra PCSO patrols a day.

Poor physical fitness and sedentary behaviour are linked to increased pain conditions in children as young as 6-8 years old, according to the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children Study ongoing at the University of Eastern Finland. The findings were published in the Journal of Pain.

Women who suffer from migraine headaches have a slightly increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life. A team of researchers led by Prof. Tobias Kurth, Head of the Institute of Public Health (IPH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, has now been able to establish the following: female migraine patients have a higher risk of stroke or heart attacks than women without migraine. Their findings are based on an analysis of data collected as part of the US-based Nurses' Health Study II, and have been published in the British Medical Journal*.

LOS ANGELES - (June 14, 2016) - Two classes of blood pressure medications, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), are associated with a 16% lower risk of strokes, heart attacks and death in patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing peritoneal dialysis, a new study in the journal, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, reports.

Editor’s note: We turned to two public health researchers on gun violence to help us understand the mass shooting at Pulse nightclub in Florida. Sandro Galea is the dean of Boston University’s School of Public Health. Ziming Xuan is an assistant professor at the school who recently led a study of state gun laws and youth gun-carrying in the United States. We originally spoke to the researchers in the wake of the mass shooting at Umpqua Community College in Oregon in October 2015.

Multiple sclerosis looks different from person to person. In many individuals, though, the difficulty in maintaining a sense of self and in keeping up intellectually can be the disease's most devastating manifestations.

With this in mind, University of Michigan researchers are exploring a new way to improve cognitive issues, such as memory, attention and mental processing in MS patients: by examining sleep.

Breastfeeding premature babies improves long-term heart structure and function, an Oxford University study has found.

The hearts of babies born early often develop abnormally. Dr Adam Lewandowski and colleagues at the Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, directed by Professor Paul Leeson, have previously shown that, in adult life, the hearts of people who were born very preterm have smaller chambers, thicker walls and reduced function.

(CHICAGO) Families of children with severe hemophilia A may want to take a fresh look at treatment options from human plasma. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine on May 26 showed that participants who received a recombinant therapy-- the present standard in the United States -- developed antibodies or "inhibitors" to the treatments at almost twice the rate as those whose treatments were made from human plasma.

DARIEN, IL - A new study found that gamers will push off obtaining adequate sleep in order to continue video gaming.

Results show that on average, gamers delayed going to bed 36 percent of the nights they played video games.Average game playing was 4.6 nights per week. The average delay in bedtime on the nights spent gaming was 101 minutes.

The recent murders in a gay night club in Orlando are sure to worry kids, especially if they watch the non-stop television coverage. There are ways to broach the subject, if it looks like children are agitated by what is happening.

Clinicians submitting data to the Diabetes Collaborative Registry regularly adhere to 4 out of 7 diabetes quality metrics when treating patients with diabetes, according to the first presented results from the registry. Registry data will be presented and published in two abstracts at the American Diabetes Association's 76th Scientific Sessions, June 10-14 in New Orleans.

Nearly 15 percent of opioid-naïve patients hospitalized under Medicare are discharged with a new prescription for opioids, according to a study published today in JAMA Internal Medicine.

Among those patients who received a prescription, 40 percent were still taking opioids 90 days after discharge. The rate of prescription varied almost twofold between hospitals, with some hospitals discharging as many as 20 percent of patients with a prescription for opioids.

Military members who visited a primary care clinic while suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder and depression reported fewer symptoms and better mental health functioning a year after enrolling in a treatment program that included specially trained care managers and telephone therapy options, according to a new study.

The study focused on primary care as a way of combating the stigma many service members feel about going directly to a mental health specialist.

In the midst of an epidemic of prescription painkiller addiction and overdose deaths, a new Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health survey suggests that more than half of patients prescribed opioids have leftover pills -- and many save them to use later.

Do ambulatory patients who present in office settings with hypertensive urgency - systolic blood pressure (BP) at least 180mm HG and diastolic BP at least 110 mm Hg - do better when they are referred to the hospital or when they have their BP managed in an outpatient setting?

Krishna K. Patel, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic, and coauthors examined that question in a new study published online by JAMA Internal Medicine.