Culture

Members of the International Daya Bay Collaboration, who track the production and flavor-shifting behavior of electron antineutrinos generated at a nuclear power complex in China, have obtained the most precise measurement of these subatomic particles' energy spectrum ever recorded. The data generated from the world's largest sample of reactor antineutrinos indicate two intriguing discrepancies with theoretical predictions and provide an important measurement that will shape future reactor neutrino experiments. The results have been published in the journal Physical Review Letters.

Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (USC) examined medical home trends in children's primary care from 2003 to 2012 and found that while this specific healthcare model has improved children's primary care overall, certain aspects of children's patient care experience have worsened. Moreover, upon analyzing various at-risk profiles, the team found that uninsured children were subject to more insufficient levels of care.

As the rate of obesity in the U.S. population has risen dramatically, more and more children are becoming overweight at younger and younger ages. Understanding the factors that contribute to childhood obesity and identifying ways to prevent its development are critical to stemming the historically high prevalence of childhood obesity and of associated health problems like type 2 diabetes.

Sophia Antipolis, 22 February 2016: The first European advice on emergency care for patients with acute heart failure is published today in European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care.1 Acute heart failure carries a higher risk of death than heart attack but care lags 30 years behind.

"Only half of patients discharged with acute heart failure are alive in three years."

Sophia Antipolis, 22 February 2016: Patients with no schooling benefit least from blood thinning medications, reveals a European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) / European Society of Cardiology (ESC) survey published today in Europace.1 The poll of more than 1100 patients with atrial fibrillation found those with no schooling missed treatment targets more often, were less aware of bleeding risks, and did not know they could continue normal daily activities.

A simple blood test that can accurately diagnose active tuberculosis could make it easier and cheaper to control a disease that kills 1.5 million people every year.

Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a gene expression "signature" that distinguishes patients with active tuberculosis from those with either latent tuberculosis or other diseases.

The technology fills a need identified by the World Health Organization, which in 2014 challenged researchers to develop better diagnostic tests for active TB.

A revolution in the treatment and rehabilitation of muscle/tendon injuries is on its way with thedevelopment of a ground-breaking new intelligent technology developed at Griffith University andthe University of Auckland.

Called iTraining, the biomedically engineered system works in real time to provide feedback onthe stresses and strains that affect a specific muscle or tendon, either following injury or in theprevention of injury.

Research has documented that end-of-life health care may be impacted by poor coordination and communication among healthcare providers. In fact, a report from the Institute of Medicine has suggested that people nearing the end of their lives--even those enrolled in hospice (a special type of care for people who are likely in their final months of life)--can experience multiple transitions between places where they receive care (also called "care settings").

A new paper defies standard psychological claims and says that transgender people report few lifetime mental and physical health problems - if they are in in the military. For that reason, the authors advocate a change to the Obama administration's policy of excluding transgender persons from enlisting in the U.S. military, or discharging them based on the presumption that they are unfit to serve due to their mental or physical health.

Stroke survivors who get medications by mail are more likely to take them as directed than patients who get medications from local pharmacies, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2016.

Researchers studied the prescription refill records of patients discharged with ischemic, or clot-caused, stroke from 24 hospitals who received new anticoagulant and cholesterol-lowering medications between 2006 and 2015. These medications help prevent a subsequent stroke.

A revolution in the treatment and rehabilitation of muscle/tendon injuries is on its way with thedevelopment of a ground-breaking new intelligent technology developed at Griffith University andthe University of Auckland.

Called iTraining, the biomedically engineered system works in real time to provide feedback onthe stresses and strains that affect a specific muscle or tendon, either following injury or in theprevention of injury.

In The BMJ today, a doctor is calling on the Australian government to stop constraining doctors in the care of asylum seekers and refugees, and to adopt a humane stance to people seeking asylum.

David Berger, a doctor at Broome Hospital in Western Australia and a committee member of Doctors4Refugees, is making these calls following the high profile case at The Lady Cilento Hospital in Brisbane.

Less than 40% of the results of clinical trials conducted at leading academic medical centers were shared within two years of completion, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in a new study published in the current issue of the British Medical Journal.

"Not only was performance poor, but there was significant variation across the academic medical centers we studied," said Dr. Nihar Desai, assistant professor of medicine, section of cardiology at Yale School of Medicine and a researcher at the Yale Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation.

SCOTTSDALE, Ariz., February 18, 2016--For patients treated with definitive radiation therapy (RT) for oropharyngeal cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), the majority of recurrences can be detected by post-treatment imaging at three months and physical exams during the six months following treatment, according to research presented at the 2016 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium.

SCOTTSDALE, Ariz., February 18, 2016--The addition of chemotherapy (CT) to radiation therapy (RT) improves survival rates among a subset of elderly head and neck cancer patients, specifically those ages 71 to 79 with low comorbidity scores and advanced disease stage, according to research presented at the 2016 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium.