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Unnecessary prostate cancer biopsies could be reduced by 60 per cent thanks to new research from the University of East Anglia.
Researchers have developed new methods to identify biomarkers for prostate cancer by combining information from multiple parts of urine samples.
It is hoped that the breakthrough could help large numbers of men avoid an unnecessary initial biopsy.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK. It usually develops slowly and the majority of cancers will not require treatment in a man's lifetime.
In the first study of its kind, researchers from the University of Surrey and Princess Alice Hospice investigated the bereavement support provided to children before and after a parent's death. Ensuring children receive adequate support is vital in safeguarding their psychological wellbeing, as previous research in this area has found that approximately half of children who lose a parent through a prolonged illness continue to experience unresolved grief up to nine years later.
The economic and ecological impact of nature on humans have long been established with prevalent environmental issues such as climate change and over-exploitation of natural resources being the first to cross one's mind. On the other hand, much less attention has been paid to the cultural and social values nature brings to humans.
Long-term follow-up of the London patient suggests no detectable active HIV virus remains in the patient.
Although the treatment is high-risk and only suitable for certain patients, the results provide evidence that this patient is the second to be cured of the virus - replicating the finding that HIV cure is possible through stem cell transplantation. [1]
A new study published in Circulation, a journal of the American Heart Association, shows that noncitizens in the United States are less likely to receive treatment for cardiovascular disease risk factors when compared with born or naturalized U.S. citizens.
Cardiovascular disease, or CVD, includes conditions such as heart attack and stroke. It is the leading cause of death among adults in the U.S., including immigrants, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
A population-based analysis from England indicates that the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing rapidly in young adults. The findings, which are published in BJS (British Journal of Surgery), suggest that colorectal cancer should no longer be considered a disease of older people.
Scientists at UCL have invented a new test to identify the earliest genetic changes of prostate cancer in blood: a process which could allow doctors to see if cancers have spread, monitor tumour behaviour and enable better treatment selection.
In the study, published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, researchers at UCL Cancer Institute used Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to establish if they could identify prostate cancer DNA in blood plasma. Previous studies have focused on tissue samples, however this requires an invasive biopsy.
Barth syndrome is a rare metabolic disease in boys caused by mutation of a gene called tafazzin or TAZ. It can cause life-threatening heart failure and also weakens the skeletal muscles, undercuts the immune response, and impairs overall growth. There is no cure or specific treatment, but new research at Boston Children's Hospital suggests that gene therapy could prevent or reverse cardiac dysfunction.
Among African adolescent girls and young women who took HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) daily, levels of the PrEP drug tenofovir were more than 30% lower in those who were pregnant than in those who had recently given birth. All 40 study participants took PrEP under direct observation, confirming their near-perfect adherence. PrEP drug levels were lower to a similar degree in the pregnant African adolescent girls and young women compared to American men and non-pregnant, non-lactating women who took PrEP daily under direct observation in an earlier study.
PHILADELPHIA (March 9, 2020) - While firearm violence is a major public health challenge in the United States, it has often been considered a law enforcement issue with only law enforcement solutions. An article by two University of Pennsylvania researchers advises that treating firearm violence as a disease and taking a public health approach to prevention and treatment can help reduce its harms.
What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial investigated if gabapentin, a drug often used to treat nerve pain, would be useful in the treatment of patients with alcohol use disorder (problem drinking that becomes severe) and a history of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. As many as 30 million people in the U.S. meet criteria for alcohol use disorder, yet less than 1 million receive medication that may be beneficial.
Authors: Raymond F. Anton, M.D., of the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, is the corresponding author.
What The Study Did: Findings in this observational study of almost 387,000 children born in the U.S. don't show evidence of an association between rotavirus vaccination (routinely recommended for all infants by age 8 months) and type 1 diabetes in children who were followed over a range of about 5 years. Researchers explain limitations of the study, as well as two potential unmeasured confounding variables that may have affected results.
Author: Jason M, Glanz, Ph.D., of the Institute for Health Research at Kaiser Permanente Colorado in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
New Rochelle, NY, March 9, 2020--A new study found that two-thirds of female adolescents ages 16-21 seen in a pediatric Emergency Department (ED) were interested in discussing contraception, despite having a high rate of recent visits to a primary care provider. More than 22% indicated that they would be likely to start or change contraception during the ED visit. Is the ED a "Golden Opportunity" for contraceptive education and initiation, ask the authors of this study in Journal of Women's Health, a peer-reviewed publication from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.
Early-career family physicians who both provide maternity care and prescribe buprenorphine--a medication used to treat opioid use disorder--primarily completed their training in a small number of residency programs.
The new study, published today in Scientific Reports, has found that machine learning has the potential to enhance and improve a veterinarian's ability to accurately diagnose herd mastitis origin and reduce mastitis levels on dairy farms.
Mastitis is an extremely costly endemic disease of dairy cattle, costing around £170 million in the UK. A crucial first step in the control of mastitis is identifying where mastitis causing pathogens originate; does the bacteria come from the cows' environment or is it contagiously spread through the milking parlour?