Body
Even short, single antibiotic courses given to young animals can predispose them to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) when they are older, according to Rutgers researchers.
Ice formation and accumulation are challenging concerns for several industrial applications including heating ventilation air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems, aircraft, energy transmission, and transportation platforms. Frost formation on heat exchangers, for example, reduces heat transfer efficiency and results in significant economic losses.
Philadelphia, July 29, 2020 - A new study in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, published by Elsevier, found that between 2002 and 2018 purchases by US households of foods and beverages containing caloric sweetener (CS, i.e., sugar) declined while purchases of products containing both caloric sugars and nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS, i.e., sugar substitutes) increased.
Prescription medication of cannabis extract cannabidiol, or CBD, is safe for daily use in treating cannabis use disorder, and could help people to cut down on cannabis use, according to an initial randomised controlled trial published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal.
The study is the first to report that daily prescribed medical-use CBD use can cause reduction in cannabis use among people with cannabis use disorder, but the four-week study was not designed to provide robust estimates of the magnitude or duration of efficacy and further studies are needed.
New research published this week in Experimental Physiology found that in prostate cancer survivors, a moderate bout of exercise kept the cell count of certain type of immune cells at a normal level, suggesting the exercise is safe for prostate cancer survivors. After 24 hours after a moderate bout of cycling, the immune cell count of natural killer (NK) cells, part of the body's first line of defence, had returned to resting levels.
Results from the first-ever randomised clinical trial of CBD for cannabis use disorder suggests that prescribed doses of the non-intoxicating constituent part of the cannabis plant could help people kick the habit.
In the MRC-funded trial, published in the Lancet Psychiatry (embargo - Tuesday 28 July 23:30 UK time; 18:30 Eastern Time), researchers administered CBD or placebo to 82 volunteers who were motivated to quit using cannabis but had previously failed to do so.
BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - Precision medicine in cancer treatment uses genetic changes in the cancer cells to select the best therapies for individual patients.
BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - The University of Alabama at Birmingham and Southern Research have discovered a new drug candidate that offers a major advance in the treatment for diabetes.
What The Study Did: Researchers compared the accuracy of the blood biomarker tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (P-tau217) with other biomarkers for distinguishing Alzheimer from other neurodegenerative diseases in individuals with or at risk for dementia.
Authors: Oskar Hansson, M.D., Ph.D., of Lund University in Lund, Sweden, is the corresponding author.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12134)
What The Study Did: Weighted and unweighted population data are compared to assess inequities in COVID-19 deaths by race/ethnicity as reported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in this observational study.
Authors: Tori L. Cowger, M.PH., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.16933)
A new comparison of two breast-screening technologies has found that, for most women, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT, also called 3D mammography) is superior to digital mammography for cancer detection and for reducing recall visits due to unclear or false findings.
The study's distinction, though, is in identifying women for whom DBT's advantage is less. Previous evidence had suggested that DBT would generally benefit all women.
A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for future fracture, with the risk highest in the two years following the sentinel fracture and subsequently declining with time. This early phase of particularly high risk is termed 'imminent risk'.
Currently, the widely used Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) algorithm [1] accounts for prior fracture, but not for the recency of the prior fracture in its calculation of individualised 10-year probability of hip and major osteoporotic fracture.
Artificial intelligence (AI) could help to diagnose Alzheimer's faster and improve patient prognosis, a new study from the University of Sheffield has revealed.
The new research from the University of Sheffield's Neuroscience Institute examines how the routine use of AI in healthcare could help to relieve the time and economic impact that common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, put on the NHS.
Washington, DC - Antibiotic consumption per capita increased nearly 40 percent worldwide between 2000 and 2015, primarily driven by increases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where lack of access to antibiotics exists alongside overuse. In an effort to balance appropriate access to antibiotics and stewardship across countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) framework in 2017, which classifies antibiotics based on their resistance potential.
WHAT:
Two doses of an experimental vaccine to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced robust immune responses and rapidly controlled the coronavirus in the upper and lower airways of rhesus macaques exposed to SARS-CoV-2, report scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health. SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes COVID-19.