Black Americans have a higher occurrence of colon polyps, according to a new study. This is a significant finding considering the incidence of colon cancer among black men has increased and remained unchanged among black women during the last 20 years.
The article will be published in the Sept. 24, issue of JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association).
Work-related musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is common among individuals whose job requires repetitive isometric maneuvers or awkward body positions. However, the prevalence of MSD among endoscopists is not well known. There are neither detailed descriptions nor analyses of the severity of the symptoms, risk factors, and management in eastern countries.
Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea (CDAD) is the most common cause of healthcare-associated diarrhoea and results in a wide spectrum of disease severity ranging from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening entero-colitis and death. While many studies have investigated risk factors for infection with C. difficile and subsequent development of CDAD, little is known about risk factors associated with a severe course of CDAD in hospitalised patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer with more than 1 million fatalities occurring annually worldwide. Nowadays in China, the essential oil of Curcuma wenyujin (CWO) has been used as injection to cure paediatric disease such as acute upper respiratory infections, viral myocarditis and acute pneumonia. Inhibitory effects of CWO on SMMC-7721 cell line, cervical cell, L615 cell and K562 cell lines growth have been reported.
Recent work demonstrates that GSK-3 beta is involved in the process of tumorigenesis, and inhibition of the expression and activity of GSK-3 beta attenuates cell proliferation and causes apoptosis in colorectal, pancreatic and ovarian cancer cells. Lithium is an existing drug for psychiatric diseases and its uptake has been linked to reduced tumor incidence compared to the general population, furthermore, lithium has been shown to be a specific and noncompetitive inhibitor of GSK-3 beta activity in vitro and in vivo.
HCV is acquired by intravenous drug abuse, sexually or via blood transfusion (rare nowadays due to the effective screening of blood products before transfusion). HCV is known to cause chronic infection in 80% - 90% of the patients getting infected. Patients presents with varying degrees of altered liver function ranging from mild cirrhosis to necrosis (liver cell death).
In conventional insulin gene therapy, exogenous insulin gene is usually transferred by caudal vein injection, portal vein injection, intraperitoneal injection, or intramuscular injection. They are invasive methods and can result in infections or death. The target cells in these methods mainly focus on hepatic cell and skeletal muscle cell. But hepatic cell and skeletal muscle cell are not endocrine cells. These cells usually need to be genetically modified in responsibility to glucose and processing from proinsulin to insulin.
Hepatic encephalopathy, a major complication of cirrhosis, is a clinical syndrome characterized by mental status changes in patients with severe hepatic insufficiency. Hormonal disorders and circadian rhythm abnormalities are often associated with liver disease, and severity of these disorders is related to liver disease severity and duration. The role of melatonin is critical, as diurnal melatonin rhythm disruption may significantly contribute to circadian function alterations.
The depth of transmural tumor invasion along the rectal wall layers and involvement of the regional lymph nodes constitute major factors in the prognosis of rectal cancer. Therefore accurate preoperative staging of rectal cancer carries a crucial importance in terms of therapy and prognosis. The utility of endorectal ultrasound and pelvic phased-array magnetic resonance imaging has been demonstrated well in the literature. However, studies comparing the diagnostic accuracies of these two techniques are rare.
In China, the incidence of liver cirrhosis is still high, although new therapeutic approaches have recently been proposed, there is no established therapy for liver fibrosis, and Authors investigated the prevention effects of Chinese Medicine Qianggan-Rongxian Soup on liver fibrosis induced by DMN in rat. Chinese Medicin Qianggan-Rongxian decoction can inhibit hepatic fibrosis resulted from chronic liver injure, retard the development of cirrhosis, and notably ameliorate the liver function. It may be a safe and effective therapeutic drug for patients with fibrosis.
Lamivudine has a high rate of antiviral resistance. Sequential anti-HBV treatment is commonly used for lamivudine resistance. We report 4 cases with rapid re-detection of HBV mutants during the lamivudine re-treatment.
Although exacerbation of UC usually poses little diagnostic dilemma, physicians should remain cognizant to the possibility of an alternative cause for patient symptoms.
DLBCL is the most common histologic subtype of the NHLs accounting for about 40% of all NHL. Stage IV or disseminated disease is observed in approximately 40% of patients and is usually characterized by extranodal extramedullary infiltration. Sites of extra nodal involvement in DLBCL can include the stomach/gastrointestinal system among others.
Prof. John M. Carethers reported an unusual case of a mixed rectal tumor containing a superficial tubulovillous adenoma with deeper areas of high grade malignant spindle cells and an invasive adenocarcinoma. This will be published on July 21, 2008 of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.
Previous studies have proven that the MLR is an excellent predictor for survival outcome in patients with colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and other carcinomas. Some related studies on gastric cancer also found the potential of the MLR on prognostic evaluation. However, there is no consensus on MLR stratification cutoffs for lymph node staging, especially a lack of data for advanced gastric cancer located in the cardia and fundus.