Culture

Korean researchers studied how narcissism relates to a person's selfie-posting behavior on Social Networking Sites such as Facebook and interest in the comments they receive back. The authors describe the link between degree of narcissism and self-promotion through selfies in the article Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.

TORONTO, April 8, 2016--A growing number of patients are being discharged from intensive care units, cured of the critical illness that put them there but facing a new and potentially debilitating condition -- ICU-acquired weakness.

Intensive care patients are known to lose muscle mass and function for many reasons, ranging from prolonged immobilization, to the effects of ICU treatments such as mechanical ventilation to the critical illness itself.

Skateboarding is a popular recreational sport and participation has increased the last several decades, faster than any other sport or recreation activity between 1998 and 2007.* With growing participation, has come an increasing rate of injuries from skateboarding.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] --In a general sense, medical studies support the popular intuition -- a staple of movies and literature -- that suicidal behavior and substance misuse are linked. But the relationship between the two is not so simple. A new study of hundreds of suicidal emergency department (ED) patients from around the U.S. found that the significance of the link varied with age, gender and race. Across the board, however, the use of cocaine and alcohol together was a red flag.

BOSTON - Researchers from Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Harvard Medical School have identified inflammatory factors that cause optic neuropathy in the back of the eye following implantation of a keratoprosthesis (KPro) -- similar to what glaucoma patients experience, without the rise of pressure in the eye -- and have shown that blocking one of those factors, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), successfully halts the development of optic nerve damage in a mouse model.

COLUMBIA, Mo. - Tissue engineering is a process that uses novel biomaterials seeded with stem cells to grow and replace missing tissues. When certain types of materials are used, the "scaffolds" that are created to hold stem cells eventually degrade, leaving natural tissue in its place. The challenge is creating enough of the material on a scale that clinicians need to treat patients. Elizabeth Loboa, dean of the MU College of Engineering, and her team recently tested new methods to make the process of tissue engineering more cost effective and producible in larger quantities.

LOS ANGELES - The University of Southern California (USC) Roski Eye Institute researchers and clinicians published the results of the National Eye Institute-funded "Chinese American Eye Study (CHES)," the largest ophthalmology study among those with Chinese ancestry living in the U.S. The findings, published in JAMA Ophthalmology, point to critical interventions in the prevention and treatment of blinding eye diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy (DR), among Chinese Americans.

INDIANAPOLIS -- A new study from the Indiana University School of Medicine and the Regenstrief Institute has found that person-centered dementia care, which involves both patients and their caregivers, can be effectively provided by an engaged low-cost workforce -- care coordinator assistants.

WASHINGTON - A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine identifies six promising practices to improve health care for individuals with social risk factors for poor health care outcomes, such as people who are in a low socio-economic position, reside in disadvantaged neighborhoods, identify as a racial or ethnic minority, or possess limited health literacy.

In this context, the framing of asylum seekers as a 'burden' emerges, along with an economic rationale that values asylum accommodation for the profit it may bring, rather than the questions of social justice it raises.

They describe a wide range of consequences--physical, emotional, social, and vocational--arising from their treatment.

The findings indicate that young arthritis patients need active encouragement to discuss their treatment concerns and difficulties, so that a balance can be achieved between disease control and treatment burden.

Antiepileptic drugs significantly prolonged patients' reaction times during electroencephalography recordings but did not appear to impair driving performance.

"Antiepileptic drugs reduce patients' reactivity, but it is mainly the interictal epileptic activity that contributes to an excess of virtual accidents," said Dr. Heinz Krestel, senior author of the Epilepsia article.

Source: Wiley

The results strongly reinforce the need for early alcohol assessments after liver transplantation and multidisciplinary interventions to help patients maintain abstinence.

"As observed and described extensively for hepatitis C virus reinfection, liver graft damage occurs very rapidly after alcohol relapse, leading to cirrhosis in a significant proportion of patients, and therefore complications of cirrhosis and death," said Dr. Jerome Dumortier, senior author of the Liver Transplantation study.

Source: Wiley

Men on Tinder think they have a "licence to use women as they see fit" if their date's appearance is less attractive than her profile photograph, research says.

The British Sociological Association's annual conference in Birmingham was told today [Thursday 7 April 2016] that the men believed they were entitled to have casual sex to compensate for the 'breach of trust'.

Dr Jenny van Hooff, senior lecturer in sociology at Manchester Metropolitan University, carried out a study of the use of Tinder among men in Manchester and Cheshire.

In a study published online by JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Wilko Grolman, M.D., Ph.D., of the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed the effectiveness of earplugs in preventing temporary hearing loss immediately following music exposure.