Culture

One in 20 survivors of gunshot violence in an urban area with high crime died within five years, mainly by homicide, according to the results of a study that tracked patients after they had been discharged from the hospital that treated them.

A new study of individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) - a rare form of muscular dystrophy -has helped pinpoint the symptoms of the disease that are most important to patients. These findings, published today in the journal Neurology, could help create a roadmap for physicians to prioritize treatment of this complex, multi-system disease.

ROSEMONT, Ill.--A new study appearing in the November 18 issue of the Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) found a link between obesity and a higher risk for surgery in orthopaedic trauma patients. In addition, researchers found that patients with obesity had longer hospital stays and greater treatment costs. They were also more likely to be discharged to a care facility, rather than to home.

Fairness may be a key component of human civilization, allowing us to share valuable resources, but does it develop the same way, and at the same pace, across all human cultures?

A new Harvard study suggests that the answer may be no.

Using a simple game in which candy is distributed between two players, researchers found that children around the globe were quick to reject unfair deals, but in three countries - the U.S., Canada, and Uganda - children were also willing to reject deals unfair to others.

Nivolumab is an anti-tumour drug from the group of monoclonal antibodies. It has been available since June 2015 under the trade name Opdivo for adults with advanced melanoma, and since July 2015 under the trade name Nivolumab BMS also for adults with metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy.

The fixed combination of the two drugs insulin degludec and liraglutide (trade name: Xultophy) has been approved since June 2015 also in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus when oral antidiabetics (OADs) combined with a GLP-1 receptor agonist do not provide adequate glycaemic control. The German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) examined in a dossier assessment whether this fixed combination offers an added benefit over the appropriate comparator therapy (ACT).

The American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network lobbying group is using the 40th anniversary of the Great American Smokeout to advocate for higher taxes on cigarettes, asking for a $2 per pack increase. Along with wealthy Democratic activist Tom Steyer, they have submitted an initiative to the State Attorney General's office to increase the tobacco tax.

Ethnicity does not predict the type of end-of-life care people want, according to a study by researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine

It has been thought technically difficult to achieve projection mapping onto a moving/rotating object so that images look as though they are fixed to the object.A group of researchers from Osaka University succeeded to develop a technology for image projection onto moving objects. (Figure 1)

In the last 10 years, the U.S. military has experienced an unprecedented increase in suicides among personnel. While many researchers have largely focused on risk factors among individual soldiers, in a new study, researchers contend that the increase in suicide may also indicate increased vulnerability among more recent generations of young adults. Evidence supporting this perspective is out today in Armed Services and Society (a SAGE journal).

WASHINGTON, DC, November 16, 2015 -- A new study of young people finds that, with one exception, whites are more optimistic -- sometimes drastically so -- than their minority peers about their likelihood of living to 35.

Background: Noguchi explained that immunotherapy has emerged recently as a viable and attractive strategy for the treatment of advanced cancer. "In this study, we assessed whether a novel immunotherapeutic approach that we have devised, called personalized peptide vaccination, could improve outcomes for patients who have advanced bladder cancer that has progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy," he continued. "This is a disease for which the prognosis is poor; median survival is just 13 to 15 months from the time of starting platinum-based chemotherapy."

A new paper claims that big data-derived models developed and trained based on people's television viewing behavior in "safe" U.S. states can be used to forecast the presidential election outcomes in "swing" states. The model design, potential for its use in 2016 and beyond, and implications for the billions of dollars of advertising spent in presidential elections are discussed in Big Data.

The merger of the world's two largest beer manufacturers "represents a major threat to global health, to which researchers, funders and regulators must respond more effectively," warn global health experts in The BMJ this week.

Of particular concern are the health implications for the growing epidemic of alcohol related harm across low and middle income countries, they say.

Last month, it was announced that Belgium based Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) and London based SABMiller have agreed in principle to merge.

DALLAS, Texas, Nov. 17, 2015 - Although supervised aerobic physical activity is a proven therapy for heart failure patients, lack of social support and practical barriers such as lack of transportation, keep many patients from benefitting from cardiac rehab programs, according to new research in Circulation: Heart Failure, an American Heart Association journal.