Body

University of Groningen scientists have designed a unique experiment to study ageing in yeast cells. By following molecular processes inside ageing yeast, they discovered that an overproduction of the proteins needed to make new proteins could be the root cause of the cellular processes that eventually kill the cells. Their results have been published online in the journal eLife.

New research breaks with existing knowledge about how our immune system works. Experiments at Aarhus University have shown how the body mobilises a hitherto unknown defence against viruses and bacteria. This also explains why we do not constantly get ill despite the viruses around us.

Researchers from Queensland's Griffith University have helped create a comprehensive and interactive map of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

A unique tool for policy makers and anyone concerned with climate change generally, the map is timely given the beginning of the United Nations Conference on Climate Change in Paris, and has applications across fields including science, economics, government and industry.

LOS ANGELES (November 30, 2015) - Genetic variation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appears to play a major role in determining how sick they will become and could provide a road map for more effective treatments.

The findings of an international study of 35,000 patients with the two most common forms of the illness, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, appears in The Lancet. Investigators compared the clinical records of IBD patients with data collected from analyzing their DNA in what is considered the largest study of its kind.

Driven by the quest for eternal youth, humankind has spent centuries obsessed with the question of how it is exactly that we age. With advancements in molecular genetic methods in recent decades, the search for the genes involved in the ageing process has greatly accelerated.

An increasing number of men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer are opting for active surveillance - closely monitoring their cancer - rather than aggressive treatment to avoid the debilitating potential side effects of surgery and radiation, such as erectile and urinary dysfunction.

However, a new study by UCLA researchers has found that less than 5 percent of men who chose to forgo aggressive treatment are being monitored as closely as they should be, putting them in danger of their cancer progressing or metastasizing without their knowledge.

ROCHESTER, Minn. -- Burnout among U.S. physicians is getting worse. An update from a three-year study evaluating burnout and work-life balance shows that American physicians are worse off today than they were three years earlier. These dimensions remained largely unchanged among U.S. workers in general, resulting in a widening gap between physicians and workers in other fields. The study conducted by Mayo Clinic researchers in partnership with the American Medical Association compared data from 2014 to metrics they collected in 2011 and found that now more than half of U.S.

A species of trap-jaw ant has been found to exhibit a previously unseen jumping behavior, using its legs rather than its powerful jaws. The discovery makes this species, Odontomachus rixosus, the only species of ant that can jump with either its legs or its mandibles.

Higher taxes and prices for cigarettes are strongly associated with lower infant mortality rates in the United States, according to a new study from Vanderbilt University and the University of Michigan released Dec. 1 in the journal Pediatrics.

The association was stronger for African American infants than for non-Hispanic white infants, which has implications for trying to reduce disparities in infant mortality between the two groups.

How about someone who didn't have the disease -- would they pay anything? And what if that person smoked?

A sick person is obviously willing to pay for a good medical treatment, but a Johns Hopkins University economist and his collaborators find that healthy people are potentially a much broader, if largely overlooked, market for medical innovations.

Russian scientists have found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer can stimulate evolution of the tumor. The results of the research conducted by Nicholay Litvyakov, D.Sc. at Cancer Research Institute, Head of the Tumor Virology Laboratory, and TSU researcher Marina Ibragimova, were published in "Siberian Journal of Oncology."

Scientists conducted a study in which they analyzed biopsies of women with breast cancer and preparing for operation. In each biopsy, researchers examined the genetic landscape - chromosomal abnormalities that are present in it.

Blurred boundaries between advertising and public relations professions due to new roles in social media raise the question of whether educators can adequately prepare their students for a career in those growing fields, according to a Baylor study.

"Educators need to address the deficiencies identified in this study and find ways to build these skills and competencies in their courses," said Marlene S. Neill, Ph.D., assistant professor of journalism, public relations and new media in Baylor's College of Arts & Sciences.

BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- The National Science Foundation has awarded $1.2 million to three research groups at Indiana University to advance research on self-assembling molecules and computer-aided design software required to create the next generation of solar cells, circuits, sensors and other technology.

This interdisciplinary team in the IU Bloomington College of Arts and Sciences' Department of Chemistry is led by Amar Flood, Steven Tait and Peter Ortoleva in collaboration with Mu-Hyun Baik of the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, who previously served at IU.

Women with breast cancer who subsequently had a recorded diagnosis of depression had a 45% higher risk of death from all causes, according to a study led by King's College London. The researchers suggest this finding could help to target and support those women most at risk of depression.

The effectiveness of an important mosquito-fighting insecticide may be impaired by global warming, according to a recent study in the Journal of Medical Entomology. Two researchers from Montana State University, graduate student Shavonn Whiten and Dr. Robert Peterson, have shown that permethrin becomes less effective at killing the yellowfever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) as temperatures increase.