Body

An intervention that paired caregivers with a navigator to help address the social needs of families of pediatric patients was associated with decreased needs reported by the families and improved overall child health status, according to an article published online by JAMA Pediatrics.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for latent tuberculosis infection in populations at increased risk. People who are considered at increased risk include people who were born in or have lived in countries where tuberculosis is highly prevalent, or who have lived in group settings where exposure to tuberculosis is more likely, such as homeless shelters or correctional facilities. The report appears in the September 6 issue of JAMA.

In a study appearing in the September 6 issue of JAMA, Craig G. Crandall, Ph.D., of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, and colleagues examined whether electric fan use would delay elevations in heart rate and core temperature of elderly adults exposed to extreme heat and humidity.

Researchers have found that Zika virus can live in eyes and have identified genetic material from the virus in tears, according to a study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The study, in mice, helps explain why some Zika patients develop eye disease including a condition known as uveitis which can lead to permanent vision loss.

Researchers at Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) have published a new Oncotarget work which highlights the importance of the tumor environment as a source of resistance to treatment in colorectal cancer, the fourth most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The article describes how the presence of certain molecules in the environment of the tumor triggers processes that protect the tumor cells from the action of conventional chemotherapy.

WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. - Sept. 6, 2016 - The dreaded finger exam to check for prostate cancer used to be a mainstay of check-ups for older men. With its value now in question, some doctors share the risks and benefits with their patients and let them decide. So, should they or shouldn't they?

BEER-SHEVA, ISRAEL...September 6, 2016 -- A researcher at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) has developed a new methodology to track and manage rumors during emergencies, and proposes guidelines for first responders and agencies on how to handle the rumor dissemination loop.

Venous thoromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most significant complications after hip surgeries. A large number of studies have been reported about the incidence of VTE after total hip arthroplasties, and a small number of reports were found in the incidence of VTE concerning periacetabular osteotomy, revision total hip arthroplasties THA and surgery for hip fracture postoperatively. Furthermore, there exists no comparative study of the incidence of VTE among major hip surgeries at a single institution.

Using cryo-electron microscopy, an international group of scientists has solved the atomic structure of the human aichi virus (AiV), a rather unusual but poorly characterized picornavirus that is very common and can cause severe gastroenteritis in children.

Researchers at the University of Bristol and Afferent Pharmaceuticals have identified a potential new way of treating high blood pressure, or hypertension, by targeting aberrant nerve signals in the carotid bodies, which sit on the common carotid arteries on each side of the neck.

The research study, entitled "Purinergic receptors in the carotid body as a new drug target for controlling hypertension," was led by Julian Paton, professor of physiology at the University of Bristol, and was published in the 5 September online edition of Nature Medicine.

Geography and ecology are key factors that have influenced the genetic makeup of human groups in southern Africa, according to new research discussed in the journal GENETICS, a publication of the Genetics Society of America. By investigating the ancestries of twenty-two KhoeSan groups, including new samples from the Nama and the ≠Khomani, researchers conclude that the genetic clustering of southern African populations is closely tied to the ecogeography of the Kalahari Desert region.

Changes in the genetic make-up of tissue samples can be detected quickly and easily using a new method based on nanotechnology. This report researchers from the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, the University of Basel and the University Hospital Basel in first clinical tests with genetic mutations in patients with malignant melanoma. The journal Nano Letters has published the study.

Proteins are large molecules that carry out all basic cell functions. In order to achieve this, they continually change shape by expanding or contracting parts; they hide surfaces or reveal them to interaction with other molecules. However, these changes are very difficult to observe and the methods used by scientists to study them involve costly simulations performed in supercomputers.

Virtual reality (VR) does not just help companies save money when it comes to testing new technologies; it also enables trainees and students to quickly and intensively learn on-the-job skills (e.g. in a virtual hospital). From 8 to 9 September 2016, experts will present the latest developments and studies on augmented and virtual reali-ty at the Cluster of Excellence Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC) of Bielefeld University.

Millions of cells in our body are constantly dividing to repair tissue damage and ensure our continuity. This is one of the most complex processes that cells go through and, in order for it to be successful, they must, among other things, produce a copy of their genetic material (DNA). Researchers from the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) have discovered the critical role of the POLD3 protein in this DNA-replication process; without POLD3 cells do not divide, they die, and even the embryonic development process and the birth of a new organism may be curtailed.