Often referred to as artificial atoms, quantum dots have previously ranged in size from 2-10 nanometers in diameter. While typically composed of several thousand atoms, all the atoms pool their electrons to "sing with one voice", that is, the electrons are shared and coordinated as if there is only one atomic nucleus at the centre. That property enables numerous revolutionary schemes for electronic devices.
Research project leader Robert A. Wolkow described the potential impact saying, "Because they operate at room temperature and exist on the familiar silicon crystals used today's computers, we expect these single atom quantum dots will transform theoretical plans into real devices."
The single atom quantum dots have also demonstrated another advantage – significant control over individual electrons by using very little energy. Wolkow sees this low energy control as the key to quantum dot application in entirely new forms of silicon-based electronic devices, such as ultra low power computers. "The capacity to compose these quantum dots on silicon, the most established electronic material, and to achieve control over electron placement among dots at room temperature puts new kinds of extremely low energy computation devices within reach."
Source: University of Alberta
An animation explaining the use of single atom quantum dots to enable the QCA computation scheme.
(Photo Credit: Robert A. Wolkow)