Earth
Risk of compound flooding, which can result when rapid sea level rises associated with storms occur along with heavy rains, is currently concentrated along Mediterranean countries but will greatly increase for Northern European in the future as the climate warms, according to a new modeling study. This is the first study of compound flooding to consider future changes that could result from combined geographic shifts in precipitation, storm surges, waves and tides.
In 2018, breast cancer was the most common cancer in women worldwide, accounting for about a quarter of all reported cancers. One of the biggest problems with any type of cancer is metastasis; and when breast cancer metastasizes, the brain is a common destination.
The prevalence of breast-to-brain metastases has led scientists to suspect that there is an underlying rationale for why breast cancer cells seek out and seed tumor growths in the brain. Elucidating the rationale might give us the means to minimize breast-to-brain metastases or even prevent them altogether.
What The Study Did: This study examined the association of adverse childhood experiences and caregiver support with the development of regions of the brain in childhood and adolescence. The analysis included 211 children who had neuroimaging and behavioral assessments conducted during preschool and adolescence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measured changes in volume of specific regions of the brain. Preschool and school-age adverse childhood experiences and caregiver support were assessed.
From 23 to 25 September 2019, heads of government from around the world will convene at the United Nations General Assembly to discuss efforts to advance climate action and global sustainable development. The summit aims to boost national ambitions to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement and will review the implementation of measures relating to the Sustainable Development Goals.
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- Proteins are the workhorses of our bodies. They keep our organs functioning. They regulate our cells. They are the targets for medications that treat a number of diseases, including cancers and neurological diseases. Proteins need to move in order to function, but scientists still know very little about such motions at speeds slower than a nanosecond.
When functional ability declines, changing the way of walking by, for instance, walking slower, pausing for rest or using walking aids, can facilitate older adults' outdoor mobility. These were the findings of a study conducted at the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä.
As functional ability declines, older people may start to have difficulties in walking long distances. At this point, older people might change their way of walking consciously or unconsciously.
ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, Ill. (September 18, 2019) - Many people in danger of the severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis understand exactly what they need to avoid to stay safe. For some it's an allergy to food, for others it can be insect stings, medications, hormones or even physical factors like exercise.
TORONTO, ON (Canada) - Research by ecologists at the University of Toronto and Ontario's Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry shows strong evidence in a freshwater lake of "fishing down the food web" - the deliberate shift away from top predatory fish on the food chain to smaller species closer to the base.
While the effect has historically been observed almost exclusively in marine ecosystems and ocean fisheries, there has been little evidence of the effect in freshwater ecosystems.
As hurricanes grow in power as the climate changes, accurately modeling the interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean grows increasingly important to prepare people to batten down or to evacuate. The many mechanisms of the atmosphere-ocean system -- known as air-sea flux -- make modeling extremely complicated, however.
PITTSBURGH (Sept. 18, 2019) -- Metal nanoparticles have a wide range of applications, from medicine to catalysis, from energy to the environment. But the fundamentals of adsorption--the process allowing molecules to bind as a layer to a solid surface--in relation to the nanoparticle's characteristics were yet to be discovered.
Researchers have announced a prototype for a laser at the heart of the first space-based gravitational wave observatory, known as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission. The team's new laser nearly meets the stringent requirements outlined for LISA's instrumentation, representing an important step toward bringing the ambitious observatory program to fruition.
HOUSTON -- (Sept. 18, 2019) -- Researchers have identified a potential new drug target in the fight against cancer.
As cities grow in size, crime grows even faster. But while certain types of crime -- car theft and robbery, for example -- exponentially outpace the population, other crime categories buck the trend. Rape, for example, grows only linearly, at roughly the same pace as a city's population.
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are robust crystalline porous polymer with predictable structural composition and functions. The bottom-up synthesis of COFs allows for incorporation of reactive pendant groups and other active sites within their skeleton. On the other hand, the strong covalent bonding stitching the organic building blocks in COF frameworks secure the high chemical and thermal stabilities of the compound into high extent. These facts garner the judicious postsynthetic functionalization in COFs to introduce new functions with controlled manner.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are building up in the environment, and scientists are becoming concerned. These substances, ubiquitous as water-repellent or nonstick additives in many consumer products, are persistent and have been accumulating in organisms throughout the food chain over many years. Now, researchers reporting in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology have identified bacteria from a New Jersey wetland that, surprisingly, can break carbon-fluorine bonds and degrade PFAS.