Earth
LA JOLLA, CA - The brain mechanism that enables us to maintain a constant body temperature may also be the key to rapid weight loss, a new study finds. In experiments involving mice that were given a calorie-restricted diet, scientists at Scripps Research discovered that blocking a brain receptor that normally regulates body heat resulted in significant weight reductions.
Once a bully, always a bully?
It's not that simple, according to a new University of Guelph study of aggression in fruit flies that underlines the often unpredictable nature of behaviour from insects to humans.
The study is the first to show that effects of an earlier aggressive encounter carry over in time and across different social groups but not necessarily in expected ways, said Julia Kilgour, lead author and a PhD student in the Department of Integrative Biology.
The study was published recently in the journal Behavioral Ecology.
Researchers at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) discover a new method for synthesizing γ-aryl-β-ketoesters, an important class of molecules for the pharmaceutical industry
Kanazawa, Japan - Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells that can develop into every type of blood cell in the body. They can also be used in medical research to understand and treat blood-based diseases. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are used to study HSCs, particularly in the field of developmental biology, but the research in the adult animal is often limited because stem cells are difficult to purify in this species. Researchers at Kanazawa University and their collaborators now describe a purification scheme that allows these elusive zebrafish HSCs to be collected.
Ceria (CeO2)-based materials are widely used in industries such as catalysis, fuel cells, gas sensors, and particularly lie at the heart of the three-way catalysts (TWCs) as the Ce ions can easily switch between Ce4+ and Ce3+ driven by oxygen chemical potential. Compared with their counterparts, one-dimensional (1D) ceria nanomaterials are more reactive. Because they are usually synthesized under unusual conditions, and some reactive crystal planes may be obtained.
The Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM, President Chun Hong Park) succeeded in creating glass with self-cleaning and antireflective functions through the biodegradable chitosan nanoparticle coating. This is the first use of a biodegradable material in nanosphere lithography. The results of the study can be utilized to prevent the use of synthetic polymer nanoparticles in nano-fabrication, a kind of microplastic waste, which have been associated with toxicity issues.
What is the global impact of climate change on fishing and agriculture? An international team of scientists (1) led by the CNRS, involving the University of Montpellier (2) in France, has studied this question by applying climate models to worldwide data on employment, the economy, and food security. Their findings, published in Science Advances on 27 November, show that 90% of the global population may face decreases in productivity for both agriculture and fishing if greenhouse emissions are not reduced.
CHICAGO - A panel of medical professionals will discuss the public health impact of e-cigarette use, or "vaping," today during a session at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).
E-cigarette use is on the rise. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 9 million adults in the U.S. use e-cigarettes, and vaping has become especially popular among teens. The 2018 National Youth Tobacco Survey reported that in 2018 more than 3.6 million middle and high school students were using e-cigarettes.
Perovskite nanocrystals hold promise for improving a wide variety of optoelectronic devices - from lasers to light emitting diodes (LEDs) - but problems with their durability still limit the material's broad commercial use.
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have demonstrated a novel approach aimed at addressing the material's durability problem: encasing the perovskite inside a double-layer protection system made from plastic and silica.
Fiber-optic cables that constitute a global undersea telecommunications network could one day help scientists study offshore earthquakes and the geologic structures hidden deep beneath the ocean surface.
Cambridge, MA, November 28, 2019 -- Dyno Therapeutics, a biotechnology company pioneering use of artificial intelligence in gene therapy, today announced a publication in the journal Science that demonstrates the power of a comprehensive machine-guided approach to engineer improved capsids for gene therapy delivery. The research was conducted by Dyno co-founders Eric D. Kelsic, Ph.D. and Sam Sinai, Ph.D., together with colleague Pierce Ogden, Ph.D., at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and the Harvard Medical School laboratory of George M.
A new fault system on the seafloor was discovered off California's coast by temporarily transforming a pre-existing underwater fiber optic cable into an array of nearly 10,000 seismic sensors, according to a new study. The results showcase the potential of leveraging the extensive web of subsea optical fiber telecommunication cables already spanning the ocean's floor to monitor and record oceanographic and seismic processes in unprecedented detail. Deep below the surface, tectonic forces conspire to fracture and fold the Earth's crust. These rocks break and move at faults.
The science of cyber risk is inherently interdisciplinary, argue Gregory Falco and colleagues in this Policy Forum, and no single academic field on its own can adequately address related problems. The researchers also propose a new multi-field model for addressing this risk. "Only through such multidisciplinary collaboration can the science of cyber risk systematically move forward," write the authors.
A new report urges biomedical researchers to use online web resources very carefully, taking into account their complementary benefits and weaknesses, when selecting small-molecule chemical probes to help answer their research questions.
In a 'special report' published today in the journal Future Medicinal Chemistry today (Thursday), scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, carried out the first comprehensive assessment of all the publicly available resources on chemical probes.
Almost 40% of global land plant species are categorized as very rare, and these species are most at risk for extinction as the climate continues to change, according to new University of Arizona-led research.
The findings are published in a special issue of Science Advances that coincides with the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP25, in Madrid. The COP25 is convening nations to act on climate change. The international meeting runs from Dec. 2 through Dec. 13.