Earth
What The Study Did: Risks for obesity and type 2 diabetes in adulthood were compared among 33,000 women born by cesarean or vaginal delivery between 1946 and 1964 in this observation study that included participants in the Nurses' Health Study II.
Authors: Jorge E. Chavarro, M.D., Sc.D., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
What are the most effective ways to achieve desired sustainable development outcomes across all aspects of wellbeing, and how might the pursuit of some of these goals affect progress toward others? A new study by an international team of researchers aims to address these questions to help understand possible synergies and tradeoffs among these goals.
Can women in menopause get the benefits of hormone replacement therapy without the risks? A new UCLA study conducted with mice points in that direction, but additional research is necessary.
Women commonly experience hot flashes and weight gain, among other changes, during and after menopause. Hormone therapy, which gives women additional estrogen, can help alleviate some of these symptoms, but it has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease and breast cancer.
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, which can be passed from animals to human beings (zoonosis). It is widely spread all over the world and, though it does not generally present symptoms, it is considered to be a major cause of reproductive disorders in a variety of species, including human beings. Although felines are definitive hosts (the only species that eliminates the infectiousness of the parasite), all warm-blooded species are potentially susceptible to infection.
A team of Chinese scientists has reported the high-resolution crystal structure of the main protease (Mpro) of the COVID-19 virus and has identified drugs that may hold promise in combating the virus.
Prof. RAO Zihe and Prof. YANG Haitao from the Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies of ShanghaiTech University, Prof. JIANG Hualiang from the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and their collaborators conducted the research, which was published online in Nature on April 9.
MIPT scientists and their colleagues from Japan and the U.S. have calculated the parameters of photodetectors comprised by layers of graphene and a combination of black phosphorus and black arsenic. These sensors are able to detect radiation with energy less than the band gap of the constituent layers without graphene. It is also easy to modify them in order to increase their sensitivity to the required wavelength of light. Such sensors could replace any far-infrared and terahertz radiation detectors. The research findings were published in the journal Optics Express.
In Europe's temperate forests, less common plant species are being replaced by more widespread species. An international team of researchers led by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) and the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) has found that this development could be related to an increased nitrogen deposition. Their results have been published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution.
UPTON, NY--A team of scientists including researchers at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)--a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility at DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory--have demonstrated a new technique for imaging proteins in 3-D with nanoscale resolution. Their work, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, enables researchers to identify the precise location of proteins within individual cells, reaching the resolution of the cell membrane and the smallest subcellular organelles.
DALLAS, April 13, 2020 -- Most blood pressure devices sold for home monitoring in Australia - and possibly worldwide - may not have been validated for accuracy and could lead to misdiagnoses and inappropriate treatment, according to new research published today in Hypertension, an American Heart Association journal.
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Despite the time spent with smartphones and social media, young people today are just as socially skilled as those from the previous generation, a new study suggests.
Researchers compared teacher and parent evaluations of children who started kindergarten in 1998 - six years before Facebook launched - with those who began school in 2010, when the first iPad debuted.
As the only alkaline gas in the atmosphere, ammonia can react with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to form secondary fine particles, accelerating the generation of atmospheric haze. Ammonia is therefore considered as a catalyst and accelerator for the widespread haze pollution problem in China. In the past decade, China has made great progress in the prevention and control of atmospheric sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide pollution, but little has been done in terms of ammonia emissions control.
UC Davis Health researchers have developed a computer model to screen drugs for unintended cardiac side effects, especially arrhythmia risk.
Published in Circulation Research, the study was led by Colleen E. Clancy, professor of physiology and membrane biology, and Igor Vorobyov, assistant professor of physiology and membrane biology.
Clancy is a recognized leader in using high-performance computing to understand electrical changes in the heart.
Single electron pumping devices with high efficiency and controllability at room temperature play an essential role in implement spin-based quantum computing and quantum information processing. In a recent study, which was published in SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, single-electron transistors (SETs) based on single indium-doped ZnO nanobelt (NB) were built by Xiulai Xu, et al., scientists at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Clear Coulomb oscillations in the SETs were observed at 4.2 K.
A group of trees that grow fast, live long lives and reproduce slowly account for the bulk of the biomass--and carbon storage--in some tropical rainforests, a team of scientists says in a paper published this week in the journal Science. The finding that these trees, called long-lived pioneers, play a much larger role in carbon storage than previously thought may have implications in efforts to preserve forests as a strategy to fight climate change.
Leipzig / Panama City. Tropical forests are a hotspot of biodiversity. Against the backdrop of climate change, their protection plays a special role and it is important to predict how such diverse forests may change over decades and even centuries. This is exactly what researchers at the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), the University of Leipzig (UL) and other international research institutions have achieved. Their results have been published in the scientific journal Science.