Culture | Page 1753 | Science Codex

Heavy drinking endangers the health of liver transplants

The results strongly reinforce the need for early alcohol assessments after liver transplantation and multidisciplinary interventions to help patients maintain abstinence.

"As observed and described extensively for hepatitis C virus reinfection, liver graft damage occurs very rapidly after alcohol relapse, leading to cirrhosis in a significant proportion of patients, and therefore complications of cirrhosis and death," said Dr. Jerome Dumortier, senior author of the Liver Transplantation study.

Source: Wiley

Men on Tinder think they have a 'license to use unattractive women as they see fit'

Men on Tinder think they have a "licence to use women as they see fit" if their date's appearance is less attractive than her profile photograph, research says.

The British Sociological Association's annual conference in Birmingham was told today [Thursday 7 April 2016] that the men believed they were entitled to have casual sex to compensate for the 'breach of trust'.

Dr Jenny van Hooff, senior lecturer in sociology at Manchester Metropolitan University, carried out a study of the use of Tinder among men in Manchester and Cheshire.

Study shows effectiveness of earplugs in preventing temporary hearing loss after loud music

In a study published online by JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Wilko Grolman, M.D., Ph.D., of the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed the effectiveness of earplugs in preventing temporary hearing loss immediately following music exposure.

Middle-aged adults with hearing loss have substantially higher health care costs

In a study published online by JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Annie N. Simpson, Ph.D., of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, and colleagues compared the costs of health care for a matched group of privately insured individuals with and without a diagnosis of hearing loss.

Research into the correlation between beauty and body size shows that women are the harshest judges

In assessing attractiveness, females judge men and women with higher BMI as less attractive
Men do not judge a man with a higher weight negatively, but still see heavier women as less attractive
First study of its kind to assess the relationship between gender, BMI and notion of 'attractiveness', providing insight into associated wage inequality

Study identifies mechanisms underlying osteochondroma formation

Osteochondromas are cartilage-capped benign bone tumors that form on the surface of bones near growth plates. These growths typically occur in adolescents and can result in growth impairment, pain, and fractures. In hereditary forms of the disease, 80-90% of patients have mutations in the genes exostosin 1 and 2; however, these mutations are not found in all patients.

Combination therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

A subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients is positive for the Philadelphia chromosome, which is generated by a specific translocation event that causes a fusion between the BCR and ABL1 genes. These patients unfortunately have a poorer prognosis and a more limited response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are used to treat other forms of ALL. In this issue of JCI Insight, Charles Mulligan of St.

Study raises questions over timing of heart shocks in resuscitation guidelines

Two studies published by The BMJ today evaluate treatments for patients with cardiac arrest in hospital.

The first study suggests that advice to delay giving a second heart shock, known as defibrillation, to patients with cardiac arrest in hospital is not associated with improved survival.

Guidelines previously called for "stacked" shocks with minimal time delay between defibrillation attempts. But in 2005 the guidelines were revised to recommend deferring a second attempt at defibrillation to allow time for chest compressions.

Alcohol related deaths are likely to increase after cuts in alcohol taxation

Alcohol related deaths are most likely set to increase in England as incomes outstrip rises in taxation, argue experts in The BMJ today.

Meanwhile, the number of alcohol related deaths will likely continue to decrease in Scotland if legislation on minimum unit pricing for alcoholic drinks is implemented

Stroke survivors face 'invisible impairments' to return to work

'Invisible impairments' can make it difficult for stroke survivors to maintain a job, according to a study from the University of Cambridge and Queen Mary University of London (QMUL). The findings, published today in the journal BMJ Open, suggest that more needs to be done to make survivors, their GPs and employers aware of the difficulties that they may face.

Duke study uncovers genetic elements that drive regeneration

DURHAM, N.C. -- If you trace our evolutionary tree way back to its roots -- long before the shedding of gills or the development of opposable thumbs -- you will likely find a common ancestor with the amazing ability to regenerate lost body parts.

Lucky descendants of this creature, including today's salamanders or zebrafish, can still perform the feat, but humans lost much of their regenerative power over millions of years of evolution.

Narcissists more likely to post selfies but not to care about feedback

Korean researchers studied how narcissism relates to a person's selfie-posting behavior on Social Networking Sites such as Facebook and interest in the comments they receive back. The authors describe the link between degree of narcissism and self-promotion through selfies in the article Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.

Quality time rather than study time improves teens' educational aspirations

Teenagers who spend quality time with their parents are more likely to want to further their studies, according to research from the University of Warwick.

Researchers found that adolescents who take part in cultural activities with their mother and father were more likely to aspire to continue their studies post-16 than those who didn't. This is compared to even those who attended homework clubs or participated in extra-curricular activities.

Women with unhealthy BMIs who smoke and drink at two-fold higher risk of asthma

TORONTO, April 6, 2016 - Underweight and obese women who also drank alcohol and smoked tobacco had a two-fold higher risk of being diagnosed with asthma than women with a healthy body mass index who did not drink or smoke, a St. Michael's Hospital study found.

Women with low and high body mass indexes, or BMIs, who smoked and drank were also two to three times more likely to experience wheezing.

Respirator mask reduces effects of pollution on the heart

The use of a respiratory filter mask, a common practice in China and Japan, among other countries, helps minimize the impact of pollution on people with heart failure during rush-hour traffic in cities such as São Paulo, Brazil.

For healthy people, wearing this type of anti-pollution mask can also reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.