Culture
Additive manufacturing (AM) machinery has advanced over time, however, the necessary software for new machines often lags behind. To help mitigate this issue, Penn State researchers designed an automated process planning software to save money, time and design resources.
Newer, five-axis machines are designed to move linearly along an x, y and z plane and rotate between the planes to allow the machine to change an object's orientation. These machines are an advancement on the traditional three-axis machines that lack rotation capabilities and require support structures.
The binding of a SARS-CoV-2 virus surface protein spike -- a projection from the spherical virus particle -- to the human cell surface protein ACE2 is the first step to infection that may lead to COVID-19 disease. Penn State researchers computationally assessed how changes to the virus spike makeup can affect binding with ACE2 and compared results to those of the original SARS-CoV virus (SARS).
Patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) have long needed an upgrade in treatment. Rapid-release, cramp-inducing doses of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) have previously shown promise in treating constipation, but further development has been hampered by the abdominal pain associated with the sudden release of CDC.
A long-term trend of ecological improvement is appearing in the mountains west of Boulder. Researchers from the University of Colorado Boulder have found that Niwot Ridge--a high alpine area of the Rocky Mountains, east of the Continental Divide--is slowly recovering from increased acidity caused by vehicle emissions in Colorado's Front Range.
One huge advantage of drones is that these little robots can go places where people can't, including areas that might be too dangerous, such as unstable structures after a natural disaster or a region with unexploded devices.
DALLAS - Dec. 8, 2020 - Two studies led by UT Southwestern researchers shed new light on how the brain encodes time and place into memories.
Study shows that active surveillance holds promise as a treatment option for low-risk thyroid cancer
Results from a new study co-led by researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine and the Department of Surgery at Kuma Hospital in Kobe, Japan show that active surveillance can be successfully implemented as a viable treatment option for patients with low-risk thyroid cancer. The study is the first to specifically analyze patient retention and adherence in an active surveillance program for thyroid cancer.
Below please find a summary and link(s) of new coronavirus-related content published today in Annals of Internal Medicine. The summary below is not intended to substitute for the full article as a source of information. A collection of coronavirus-related content is free to the public at http://go.annals.org/coronavirus.
1. Hydroxychloroquine shows no benefit for postexposure prophylaxis for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection
The ability to culture cerebral organoids or "minibrains" using stem cells derived from people has given scientists experimentally manipulable models of human neurological development and disease, but not without confounding challenges. No two organoids are alike and none of them resemble actual brains. This "snowflake" problem has held back the science by making scientifically meaningful quantitative comparisons difficult to achieve.
New research from University of Warwick shows that knee replacement surgery using a tourniquet increases the risk of serious complications, and causes additional pain after surgery
A tourniquet is a device which is wrapped tightly around the thigh to stop blood flow to the rest of the leg
Researchers calculate that a change in knee replacement surgical practice might avoid nearly 2,000 serious complications a year in the UK alone
The research shows that when a tourniquet is used patients have on average nearly 20% more pain the day after the surgery
Cancer drugs have side effects, so for many years, scientists have been exploring ways to transport the active substances to a tumour in the body as precisely as possible. That is the only place that drugs should take effect. One approach is to inject them into the bloodstream and control their transport in small vessels at tumour sites by locally altering the blood flow with tiny vehicles. Research laboratories have created microrobots whose shape and propulsion are inspired by bacteria and that are small enough to be inserted into blood vessels.
Observations conducted by the Murikabushi Telescope of Ishigakijima Astronomical Observatory confirmed that dark coating can reduce satellite reflectivity by half. There are concerns that numerous artificial satellites in orbit could impair astronomical observations, but these findings may help alleviate such conditions.
An international research team has clarified the regulatory mechanism of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (*1) in recognizing and repairing DNA that has been damaged by ultraviolet (UV) light. The investigators at Kobe University (Japan), the National Institute of Health Sciences (Japan), the Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium), Kyoto University (Japan), and the National Institute of Genetics (Japan) have published their results in the journal Scientific Reports.
Main Points
A research group from Tohoku University led by current president Hideo Ohno has developed the world's smallest (2.3 nm) high-performance magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). This work is expected to accelerate the advancement of ultrahigh-density, low-power, high-performance non-volatile memory for a variety of applications, such as IoT, AI, and automobiles.
University of Tartu researchers and their collaborators from Finland and Spain investigated the relationship between the gut microbiome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Their study revealed that women with polycystic ovary syndrome in their late reproductive years have significant microbial changes in gut-related to their metabolic health.