Brain
Referrals to two mental healthcare providers in London for patients requiring urgent help were significantly greater on days with a higher than average number of tweets discussing topics around mental health, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The study used data collected between January 2010 and December 2014 at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLAM) and Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust (C&I).
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have for the first time demonstrated the backflow of optical light propagating forward. The phenomenon, theorized more than 50 years ago by quantum physicists, has never before been demonstrated successfully in any experiment -- until now.
Bias in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning programs is well established. Researchers from North Carolina State University and Pennsylvania State University are now proposing that software developers incorporate the concept of "feminist design thinking" into their development process as a way of improving equity - particularly in the development of software used in the hiring process.
Colorado State University atmospheric chemist Delphine Farmer had spent her entire career probing the complexities of outdoor air - how gases and particles in the atmosphere move, interact and change, and how human activities perturb the air we breathe.
Then, she went inside.
That is, the Department of Chemistry associate professor turned her attention to the less-studied realm of indoor air. And she's come to discover that the chemistry inside can be vastly more complex than that of outdoor air systems.
With the quick development of industrial technology, the energy crisis caused by the shortage of fossil energy has been a growing headache. The renewable and green energy source systems such as fuel cell and metal-air batteries are regarded as the reliable alternatives to fossil fuels. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are paramount semi-reactions in these applications. The noble metal catalysts are widely used for both ORR and OER. However, their scarcity, high cost, and poor durability strongly impede the large-scale application.
Both Sn and Zn single-atoms on CuO catalyst synergistically promote dimethyldichlorosilane synthesis
Because of their maximum atom-utilization efficiency and unique catalytic properties, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have sparked intense interests in recent years. However, most of the reported SACs are limited to single-site active components, with rare reports on catalyst promoters in their single forms. Because promoters are essential components in many industrial catalysts, the exploration of the preparation of single-site promoters should be of great interest in catalysis, both in fundamentals and application researches.
The mudslides that follow wildfires in Southern California can be deadly and difficult to predict. New research can help officials identify areas prone to these mudslides and respond before disaster occurs, according to scientists.
What The Study Did: This population-based study explored associations between parent and family stressors, such as parenting stress and lower household income, with child screen exposure and screen use paired with feeding in toddlers.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
Authors: Katherine Tombeau Cost, Ph.D., of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.20557)
Researchers have designed an artificial intelligence (AI) model that is better able to predict how much students are learning in educational games. The improved model makes use of an AI training concept called multi-task learning, and could be used to improve both instruction and learning outcomes.
Multi-task learning is an approach in which one model is asked to perform multiple tasks.
By conveniently and painlessly collecting data, wearable sensors create many new possibilities for keeping tabs on the body. In order to work, these devices need to stay next to the skin. In a study described in ACS Omega, researchers tweaked a widely used polymer to create a potential new adhesive to keep these sensors in place.
Men who experienced a family member's incarceration are 64% more likely to have diabetes in later adulthood, compared to those who were not exposed to this childhood adversity, report researchers from the University of Toronto and University of Alabama in a recent study in SAGE-Open Medicine.
Tsukuba, Japan - Post-translational modification is the process whereby proteins are modified after their initial biosynthesis. Modification can take many forms, including enzymatic cleavage of the protein or the addition of sugars, lipids, or small chemical groups. Amongst other things, post-translational modification enhances protein stability, mediates interactions between proteins, and can be used to mark proteins for transport or degradation.
People asked by experts to comment on the effectiveness of new psychiatric drug treatments appear to be unfairly biased even though they declare a conflict of interest, suggests research published online in the journal BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine today.
US researchers found potential positive bias among people who were meant to be giving objective opinion on drugs to experts before they decide to approve them for wider public use.
Russian researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology, and ITMO University have created a neural network that learned to predict the behavior of a quantum system by "looking" at its network structure. The neural network autonomously finds solutions that are well-adapted toward quantum advantage demonstrations. This will aid researchers in developing new efficient quantum computers. The findings are reported in the New Journal of Physics.
Children diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)--caused by prenatal alcohol exposure--often face lifelong developmental, cognitive and behavioral problems. Without the right support they are at high risk of mental health disorders and other life problems. Affecting around 2 to 5 percent of school-aged children in the United States, FASD is a major public health problem.