Body
In the last two decades a new phenotype termed as Sarcopenic Obesity "SO" has emerged. There is still a debate regarding the negative impact of SO on health outcomes, especially in terms of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases; with the speculation that the two components of SO, namely the increase of fat deposition and the reduction in muscle mass and strength, seem to act synergistically to increase the adverse consequences on health, however this hypothesis has not been confirmed.
A new machine learning approach classifies a common type of brain tumour into low or high grades with almost 98% accuracy, researchers report in the journal IEEE Access. Scientists in India and Japan, including from Kyoto University's Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), developed the method to help clinicians choose the most effective treatment strategy for individual patients.
Women who are prescribed opioids after childbirth have an increased risk of persistent opioid use or other serious opioid-related events, including overdose, in their first year postpartum, according to a new study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center researchers. This is true regardless of whether the woman had a vaginal delivery or a cesarean section.
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is an autoimmune disease involving vascular inflammation and the formation of autoantibodies (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies - ANCA). AAV diseases include a variety of conditions accompanied by the involvement of different organs. The kidneys, lungs and upper respiratory tract are most frequently affected, as are the heart, skin and nervous system. Severe, potentially life-threatening courses of disease are feared.
Empagliflozin (EMPA), a selective inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2 inhibitors, "gliflozines"), reduces CKD progression in type 2 diabetics (T2D) with cardiovascular disease, presumably by lowering intraglomerular pressure. Positive effects of the drug on the cardiovascular risk of patients have also been observed.
As the next step in finding a potential targeted treatment for pancreatic cancer, researchers at the University of Cincinnati are publishing a new study revealing how a combination therapy may improve outcomes for patients with this disease.
The study, led by graduate research assistant Kombo N'Guessan, PhD, and Xiaoyang Qi, PhD, professor in the Division of Hematology Oncology at the UC College of Medicine, will be published in the June 8 online edition of the journal Molecular Therapy.
SAN ANTONIO, Texas, USA - Brain bleeds called intracerebral hemorrhages remained stable in incidence among all age groups over the past 30 years, but they increased in people 75 and older, according to a new analysis of the Framingham Heart Study. The findings are in JAMA Neurology.
A group of researchers has determined how different proteins associated with SARS-CoV-2 - the virus that causes COVID-19 - generate immune responses when given to rabbits as immunizations. According to the authors, the results provide "a better understanding of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of immune response generated by different vaccine antigens ...
Durham, NC - A new study released today in STEM CELLS addresses a significant problem that has been confronting human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) therapy. While hundreds of clinical trials involving thousands of patients are under way to test hMSCs' ability to treat everything from heart disease to brain injury, there has been no way to determine prior to the donor undergoing a painful and expensive surgical harvesting of bone marrow whether or not it would be worth the effort.
Persistently engaging in negative thinking patterns may raise the risk of Alzheimer's disease, finds a new UCL-led study.
In the study of people aged over 55, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia, researchers found 'repetitive negative thinking' (RNT) is linked to subsequent cognitive decline as well as the deposition of harmful brain proteins linked to Alzheimer's.
Virus DNA left on a hospital bed rail was found in nearly half of all sites sampled across a ward within 10 hours and persisted for at least five days, according to a new study by UCL and Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH).
The study, published as a letter in the Journal of Hospital Infection, aimed to safely simulate how SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, may spread across surfaces in a hospital.
Rochester, MN, June 5, 2020 - "On a scale of 1 - 10, how much do you exercise (0-none, 10-always)." Adding this simple question when assessing elderly patients undergoing coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans can help clinicians better understand and treat patients, report scientists in Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes, published by Elsevier.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine are recommending that all COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU undergo a thromboelastography (TEG) to test for the risk of forming blood clots. This recommendation comes after they found that more than half of the patients tested under these same conditions developed clinically significant blood clots that went undetected using routine screenings.
The findings appear in in the latest edition of JAMA Network Open.
A current Swedish study came to the result that among patients with high disease activity, one in one hundred will develop venous thromboembolism within one year, a more than twofold increase compared to patients in remission (1). Data of the German RABBIT1 register (2) published by the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) show that this increased risk of thrombosis can be reduced by treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheutmatic drugs (bDMARD).
What The Study Did: This pharmacokinetic simulation study estimates appropriate pediatric-specific dosing regimens for hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir in the treatment of pediatric patients with COVID-19.
Authors: Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez, M.D., Ph.D., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/