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Weight loss can lower levels of some proteins associated with cancer

Bottom Line: Overweight and obese women who lost weight through diet and exercise lowered the levels of certain proteins in their blood that play a role in angiogenesis, the process of blood vessel growth that can promote the growth and survival of cancer cells.

Journal in Which the Study was Published: Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

Author: Catherine Duggan, PhD, principal staff scientist in the Public Health Sciences Division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington.

Forty years of the Nurses' Health Study: An evidence goldmine with a long-lasting legacy

It started in 1976 as an investigation into the potential health consequences of oral contraceptives, but the long-running Nurses' Health Study has yielded increasingly greater benefits to scientific knowledge of health and disease, according to a paper published today in the journal Public Health Research & Practice.

Losing weight lowered levels of proteins associated with tumor growth

SEATTLE - Overweight or obese women who lost weight through diet or a combination of diet and exercise also significantly lowered levels of proteins in the blood that help certain tumors grow, according to a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center study published July 14 in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

New guidelines OK less antibiotics for hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated pneumonia

AT A GLANCE

PrEP can reduce new HIV cases by a third among MSM over next 10 years

A daily pill to prevent HIV infection can reduce new cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) by a third in the U.S. over the next 10 years, according to a new modeling study published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases and available online. The expected significant drop in HIV incidence, however, will depend on clinicians prescribing the medication according to federal guidelines and on patients using it as directed.

Early preschool bedtimes cut risk of obesity later on

COLUMBUS, Ohio - Preschoolers who are regularly tucked into bed by 8 p.m. are far less likely to become obese teenagers than young children who go to sleep later in theevening, new research has found.

Bedtimes after 9 p.m. appeared to double the likelihood of obesity later in life, according to a study from The Ohio State University College of Public Health.

"For parents, this reinforces the importance of establishing a bedtime routine," said Sarah Anderson, lead author and associate professor of epidemiology.

Feather-munching bacteria damage wild bird plumage

A new study in The Auk: Ornithological Advances links feather-degrading bacteria to damaged plumage on wild birds for the first time, offering new insights into how birds' ecology and behavior might affect their exposure to these little-studied microbes.

Local drug activation at solid tumor sites

Sarcoma is an aggressive form of cancer responsible for up to 20 percent of childhood cancers. Tumors often first appear in the extremities and the abdomen. Surgery is a primary treatment, but it often is combined with chemotherapy. This week in ACS Central Science, researchers propose a scheme to target chemotherapy medications specifically to sarcomas, leading to greater efficacy and fewer side effects.

Menopause symptoms and relationship to demographic and psychosocial factors

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Wednesday, July 13, 2016)--More data analysis about hot flashes from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) has been published today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). A study by Ping G. Tepper, PhD, and colleagues shows that the progression of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) across the menopause transition appears to be significantly and independently associated with a number of sociodemographic, reproductive hormone, and psychosocial factors.

Simplifying access to gene testing for women with ovarian cancer

A new streamlined approach to genetic testing for women with ovarian cancer provides testing rapidly and affordably, allowing many more patients to benefit from personalised cancer management and their relatives to benefit from cancer prevention strategies.

The new approach offers cancer patients the opportunity to get gene testing at one of their routine cancer clinic appointments instead of having to be referred to a separate genetic testing clinic.

Breakthrough in scaling up life-changing stem cell production

Scientists have discovered a new method of creating human stem cells which could solve the big problem of the large-scale production needed to fully realise the potential of these remarkable cells for understanding and treating disease.

The discovery has been made by a team of scientists at The University of Nottingham, Uppsala University and GE Healthcare in Sweden.

High-resolution imaging reveals the secrets of a bacterial toxin

Many bacteria use specialized toxins to attack and infect other cells. Scientists at EPFL and the University of Bern have now modeled a major such toxin with unprecedented resolution, uncovering the way it works step-by-step.

There are so many Amazonian tree species, we won't discover the last one for 300 years

There are more different kinds of trees in the Amazon rainforest than anywhere else on earth, but the exact number has long been a mystery. In 2013, scientists estimated that the number of species was around 16,000--no one had ever counted them all up, though. In a new paper in Scientific Reports, the same scientists delved into museum collections from around the world to confirm just how many tree species have been recorded in the Amazon so far--and how many have yet to be discovered.

Technological and cultural innovations amongst early humans not sparked by climate change

Environmental records obtained from archaeological sites in South Africa's southern Cape suggest climate may not have been directly linked to cultural and technological innovations of Middle Stone Age humans in southern Africa after all.

Deadly bacteria share weapons to outsmart antibiotics

Bacteria are rapidly developing resistance mechanisms to combat even the most effective antibiotics. Each year in the United States over 23,000 people die as a result of bacterial infections that have no treatment options, according to the Centers for Disease Control. Infections with antibiotic-resistance bacteria are extremely difficult to treat, requiring costly or toxic medications that do not always work. Scientists are constantly working to understand the mechanisms bacteria use to outsmart antibiotics and develop resistance.