German scientists have identified a serious and previously misunderstood contaminant that brings the safety and efficacy of intravenous treatments into question. In a report published in the September 2009 issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology (http://www.jleukbio.org), they show how a common intravenous treatment used to boost blood pressure in ailing patients also contains substances called "advanced glycation end products," which trigger inflammation. These substances result from reactions that occur among the various proteins (called "posttranslational modification") within the intravenous fluid after it has been formulated for use. This study directly challenges today's prevalent belief that advanced glycation end products are not contaminants.
"Improving the quality of infusion solutions by accounting for posttranslational modification of proteins could lead to better clinical outcomes for patients, such as those treated solutions containing albumin," said Angelika Bierhaus, senior scientist and co-study author from the University of Heidelberg in Germany.
To make their discovery, Bierhaus and colleagues detected advanced glycation end products in several currently available albumin infusion solutions and injected separate groups of mice with solutions containing both high and low amounts of this substance. The mice receiving the high levels of advanced glycation end products experienced significantly higher inflammation and death rates than the mice receiving solutions with low levels of advanced glycation end products. This suggests that screening infusion solutions for posttranslational protein modifications and then removing the compounds may improve patient outcomes, especially treatments requiring albumin infusions.
"It is always difficult to learn that what was once thought safe might have more risk than previously appreciated, especially when it relates to treatments meant to save lives," said John Wherry, Ph.D., Deputy Editor of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology. "This discovery, however, should allow manufacturers to improve the quality, tolerability and safety of a number of clinical products."
Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology