Eurekalert

Domestic burning of wood and dung fuels in Neolithic homes would have exceeded modern internationally agreed standards for indoor air quality, exposing inhabitants to unsafe levels of particulates, research led by Newcastle University, UK, has shown.

Politicians use emotional resources in their speeches in parliament depending on the type of debate and use emotive rhetoric strategically and selectively, mainly to attract voters. This is one of the main conclusions of a study published in the journal American Political Science Review (APSR) involving Toni Rodon, a professor with the UPF Department of Political, together with Moritz Osnabrügge (Durham University) and Sara B. Hobolt (London School of Economics and Political Science).

One of the many challenges for grape growers posed by climate change is the accelerated rate at which grapes ripen in warmer climates, which can result in poor colour and aroma development.

Japanese and Zambian scientists have shown that environmental lead poisoning in children affects not only their own health and wellbeing, but the vitality and mental health of their mothers, as well.

Researchers from The University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science and Fudan University experimentally confirmed three previously unknown phase transition phenomena in soft colloidal crystals. Knowledge of such phenomena will be useful for imparting new properties to materials without altering their chemical composition.

The new technology, enabling the storage of information in the thinnest unit known to science, is expected to improve future electronic devices in terms of density, speed, and efficiency.The allowed quantum-mechanical electron tunneling through the atomically thin film may boost the information reading process much beyond current technologies.The technology involves laterally sliding one-atom-thick layers of boron and nitrogen one over the other -- a new way to switch electric polarization on/off.

A study analyzing the association between a wide variety of prenatal and childhood exposures and neuropsychological development in school-age children has found that organic food intake is associated with better scores on tests of fluid intelligence (ability to solve novel reasoning problems) and working memory (ability of the brain to retain new information while it is needed in the short term).

Ecosystems can buffer impacts from hazard events and provide other benefits such as clean water, biodiversity and human well-being. Twenty-eight researchers from 11 nations, including Jaroslav Mysiak of the CMCC Foundation, spent several years analyzing over 500 peer-reviewed articles on mangroves, coral reefs, sand dunes, slope forests and more. A new study on ecosystem-based approaches to disaster risk reduction just published in Nature Sustainability.

New method provides information on spatial heat distribution in a wound to accurately predict whether VLUs will heal.The clinical study is the first to investigate textural analysis on VLUs using thermal images that do not require physical contact with the wound.

Spatial reasoning ability in small children reflects how well they will perform in mathematics later. Researchers from the University of Basel recently came to this conclusion, making the case for better cultivation of spatial reasoning.

The Zwicky Transient Facility has identified an extremely magnetized and rapidly rotating ultra-massive white dwarf. Several telescopes characterized the dead star, including two Hawai'i observatories -- W. M. Keck Observatory on Maunakea, Hawai'i Island and University of Hawai'i Institute for Astronomy's Pan-STARRS on Haleakala, Maui.

Results of a new study led by researchers at Boston Medical Center (BMC) show, however, that this expansion did not lead patients receiving care at safety-net hospitals to transfer their care to non-safety-net hospitals.

What The Study Did: This survey study investigated the association between general surgery resident grit, which was defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, and burnout and thoughts of attrition and suicide.

What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association between a midlife change in wealth and the risk of cardiovascular event after age 65.

What The Study Did: National survey data were used to estimate how common psoriasis is among adults in the United States and how this has changed since 2003.

What The Study Did: Researchers in this randomized clinical trial found that a large proportion of patients who canceled visits and procedures early in the COVID-19 pandemic didn't reschedule once reopening occurred.

What The Study Did: This crossover trial found that perceived breathing resistance at peak exercise is uniquely and significantly elevated when exercise stress testing (EST) is performed while wearing a mask. Performing EST with a mask yielded lower peak exercise oxygen uptake and heart rates as compared with no mask.

Two U.S. Phase 1 clinical trials of a novel candidate malaria vaccine have found that the regimen conferred unprecedentedly high levels of durable protection when volunteers were later exposed to disease-causing malaria parasites. The vaccine combines live parasites with either of two widely used antimalarial drugs -- an approach termed chemoprophylaxis vaccination. A Phase 2 clinical trial of the vaccine is now underway in Mali, a malaria-endemic country.

A new study by investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital examines the associations between wealth mobility and long-term cardiovascular health.

Neuroscientists at UCL have, for the first time, identified abnormalities in the way memories are 'replayed' in the brains of people with schizophrenia; researchers say the pathbreaking study provides an entirely new basis for explaining many of the condition's core symptoms.