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Full-genome CRISPR screen reveals surprising ways neurons survive oxidative stress

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
When a single gene in a cell is turned on or off, its resulting presence or absence can affect the function and survival of the cell. In a new study appearing May 24 in Nature Neuroscience, UCSF researchers have successfully catalogued this effect in the human neuron by separately toggling each of the 20,000 genes in the human genome.
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Infertility poses major threat to biodiversity during climate change, study warns

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
A new study by University of Liverpool ecologists warns that heat-induced male infertility will see some species succumb to the effects of climate change earlier than thought. Currently, scientists are trying to predict where species will be lost due to climate change so they can plan effective conservation strategies. However, research on temperature tolerance has generally focused on the temperatures that are lethal to organisms, rather than those at which organisms can no longer breed.
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Babies with seizures may be overmedicated

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Continuing antizeisure treatment after a baby's neonatal seizures stop may not be necessary, new study suggests.
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How tendons become stiffer and stronger

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Researchers from ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich deciphered the cellular mechanisms through which tendons can adapt to mechanical stresses. People who carry a certain variant of a gene that is key to this mechanism show improved jumping performance.
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Cannabis-related exposures reported to US poison centers

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
What The Study Did: Researchers examined changes in reports to poison control centers from 2017 to 2019 of exposures to manufactured cannabis products and plant materials.
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Effectiveness of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
What The Study Did: This follow-up study of a randomized clinical trial examines the association between survival and C-reactive protein levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who were treated with tocilizumab.
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Socioeconomic, racial inequities in breast cancer screening during pandemic in Washington state

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
What The Study Did: Researchers used clinical data to examine differences in breast cancer screenings before and during the COVID-19 pandemic overall and among sociodemographic groups. Data included completed screening mammograms within a large statewide nonprofit community health care system from April 2018 through December 2020.
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Study reveals inequities in breast cancer screening during COVID-19 pandemic

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Breast cancer screening took a sizeable hit during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggests new research that showed that the number of screening mammograms completed in a large group of women living in Washington State plummeted by nearly half. Published today in JAMA Network Open, the study found the steepest drop-offs among women of color and those living in rural communities.
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Milky Way not unusual, astronomers find

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
The first detailed cross-section of a galaxy broadly similar to the Milky Way, published today, reveals that our galaxy evolved gradually, instead of being the result of a violent mash-up. The finding throws the origin story of our home into doubt.
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Researchers identify the causes of the extreme drought that affected the Pantanal

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
The study shows that the 2019-20 drought resulted from a natural meteorological phenomenon similar to the one that caused the 2014-16 critical water shortage in São Paulo state, Southeast Brazil.
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Helping adults navigate the decision to move back in with parents

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
A recent study offers insight into how adults can navigate the often awkward experience of moving back in with their parents.
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Young teens should only use recreational internet and video games one hour daily

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Middle-school aged children who use the internet, social media or video games recreationally for more than an hour each day during the school week have significantly lower grades and test scores, according to a study from the Center for Gambling Studies at Rutgers University-New Brunswick.
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Study finds women with osteoporosis and low bone density are at increased risk of hearing loss

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Researchers found that risk of subsequent moderate or worse hearing loss was up to 40 percent higher in study participants with osteoporosis or LBD.
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A community health worker intervention reduces hospital readmissions

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Hospital readmissions have been identified as a major contributor to health care costs. About 27% of adult 30-day readmissions are estimated to be preventable. A clinical trial pairing community health workers with inpatients found that fewer intervention group participants were readmitted within 30 days than were control group participants.
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Analyzing the impact of college gameday homes in the American south

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Absentee property ownership in many small college football towns has a negative impact on permanent residents of those communities, according to a study by a Georgia State University geosciences researcher. The research is the first known attempt to quantify and map local geographies of gameday home investments.
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How school board meetings could attract more diverse audiences and boost public trust

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
A study shows that giving the public more opportunities to converse with school board leaders could increase civic engagement and lead to more public trust in officials -- especially among low-income groups and people of color.
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UH authors 'design for value' to improve patient and physician experience for referrals

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
A new paper describes how a process called "designing for value" was used to re-imagine the referral process of patients from primary care doctors to psychiatrists in a health system anchored by a major academic medical center.
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Moderate use of hair relaxers does not increase breast cancer risk among black women

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Researchers have now found no association of hair relaxer use with breast cancer risk overall in Black women, but they did find some evidence that heavy use of lye-containing hair relaxers may be associated with increased risk of ER+ breast cancer.
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Researchers discover oligodendrocyte loss and subtype alteration in CTE brains

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
While many of the scientific studies to date have focused on repetitive head trauma leading to the development of abnormal tau, a new study provides insights into white matter changes that may offer new targets for therapies.
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Researchers use artificial intelligence to determine extent of damage in kidney disease

Eurekalert - May 24 2021 - 00:05
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) have developed a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool to predict the grade of IFTA, a known structural correlate of progressive and chronic kidney disease.
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